Supreme Court: on Tuesday raised serious concerns over the prolonged pendency of acid attack cases across several states, stressing the need for faster trials and more effective mechanisms to ensure justice and compensation for survivors. The court underscored that delays not only weaken deterrence but also prolong the suffering of victims awaiting closure and support.

Court Reviews National Status of Pending Cases

A bench led by the Chief Justice of India was hearing a public interest petition seeking the enforcement of guidelines earlier issued by the apex court on the handling of acid attack cases. During the proceedings, it was noted that 15 High Courts have so far submitted information on the number of cases still pending within their jurisdictions.

According to a status report placed before the court, Uttar Pradesh recorded the highest number of unresolved cases at 198. Gujarat followed with 114 pending matters, while Bihar reported 68 cases. West Bengal and Maharashtra also featured prominently, with 60 and 58 pending cases respectively. The court observed that responses from the remaining High Courts were still awaited.

Direction to High Courts for Faster Disposal

Taking note of the data, the bench urged High Courts to examine whether acid attack cases could be fast-tracked and heard on a priority basis. The court emphasized that such matters warrant special attention given the gravity of the crime and the long-term impact on survivors’ physical, emotional, and economic well-being.

The judges indicated that expediting these trials through time-bound schedules could help restore public confidence in the justice system’s response to crimes involving extreme violence.

Strong Observations on Deterrence and Punishment

During the hearing, the bench made pointed oral remarks on the need for stronger punitive steps to act as a meaningful deterrent. It questioned why the assets of convicted offenders should not be attached and used directly to compensate victims.

The court observed that conventional penalties may not be sufficient in such cases and suggested that harsher financial consequences, including the acquisition of immovable property belonging to convicts, could help ensure adequate compensation. The judges remarked that only firm and impactful action would reinforce the deterrent principle in crimes of this nature.

Comprehensive Data Sought From States and UTs

To gain a clearer national picture, the Supreme Court directed all states and Union Territories to submit detailed information within four weeks. This includes year-wise data on acid attack incidents, the filing of charge sheets, the number of cases concluded, and those pending at the trial stage. Authorities have also been asked to provide details of appeals arising from completed trials.

The court stressed that accurate and complete data is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of existing legal and administrative responses.

Focus on Victim Welfare and Rehabilitation

Beyond case statistics, the bench called for detailed profiles of acid attack survivors. States and Union Territories have been instructed to share information on victims’ educational background, employment status, marital status, and the nature of medical treatment received. The court also sought clarity on government expenditure already incurred, or proposed, for medical care and rehabilitation.

In addition, State Legal Services Authorities have been directed to submit details of any schemes currently in place for compensation, medical assistance, and long-term rehabilitation of survivors.

Possible Legislative Intervention Suggested

The bench also indicated that the Union government may consider legislative measures to further strengthen the legal framework governing acid attack cases. While no formal direction was issued on this point, the observation reflects the court’s view that existing laws may require reinforcement to address persistent gaps in enforcement and victim support.

Ongoing Judicial Oversight

The matter stems from an earlier petition in which the Supreme Court had instructed High Courts to prioritize acid attack trials and submit periodic updates. The apex court continues to monitor the issue closely, with the stated aim of ensuring swift justice and meaningful compensation for survivors of acid attacks across the country.