New Delhi: Neonatal sepsis is a serious blood infection in newborns and can be life-threatening, especially for preterm babies. It occurs when a newborn baby develops an overwhelming response to an infection. It can lead to organ damage and even death. Talking about the condition and answering all FAQs in an interaction with News9Live, Dr. T J Antony, Director, Neonatology, Paediatric Care, Medanta, Gurugram, said,” Neonatal sepsis is a serious and common condition affecting infants under 28 days old. Globally, around 1.3 million cases are reported each year, with deaths more frequent among preterm and low-weight newborns. It ranks as the third leading cause of neonatal deaths, accounting for 203,000 fatalities annually. India has the world’s highest incidence of neonatal sepsis. Though common, neonatal sepsis remains widely under-recognised, highlighting the need for greater awareness among parents and mothers to help prevent it.”

Risk Factors for Preterm Babies

Preterm babies are at higher risk for neonatal sepsis due to:

1. Premature birth


2. Low birth weight


3. Maternal infections during pregnancy


4. Lower immunity


5. Early leakage of amniotic fluid (the water surrounding the baby)

Symptoms of neonatal sepsis

Symptoms of neonatal sepsis can be subtle and may include:

1. Fever or low body temperature


2. Poor feeding


3. Lethargy


4. Fast breathing


5. Jaundice (Yellowing of skin)

Early detection of neonatal sepsis

Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Healthcare providers use various tests, including:

1. Blood cultures


2. Complete blood count (CBC)


3. C-reactive protein (CRP) test and Lumbar puncture


4. Treatment Strategies


5. Treatment for neonatal sepsis involves:


6. Prompt administration of antibiotics


7. Supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and fluid management


8. Intravenous (IV) fluids

Prevention Strategies

Preventing neonatal sepsis involves:

1. Proper hygiene practices for healthcare providers


2. Timely administration of antibiotics to pregnant women at risk


3. Good hygiene practices for the mother


4. Regular prenatal care


5. Complications if Untreated


6. Untreated neonatal sepsis can lead to:


7. Brain injury and delay in development


8. Respiratory issues

Conclusion

Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for preterm babies with neonatal sepsis. Additionally, its long-term impact underscores early intervention. Let’s work together to educate ourselves, promote hygiene, and advocate for early detection to protect our most vulnerable infants.